Project Status: finished
Last Update: 12.05.2020
In the subproject B7, the components used in the forming of asymmetric components occurring horizontal loads, their effects on machine deformation and component quality are investigated. In the first phase, the influence of horizontal loads on the process, the machine and the component quality was fundamentally investigated. By means of a process simulation in which occurring horizontal loads were taken into account, it was possible for the first time to predict the associated horizontal ram displacement. The negative influence of the ram displacement on the component quality can be predicted by means of these complex simulations, but cannot be avoided after all. In the second phase, an electromagnetic actuator system was therefore set up to avoid the displacement of the ram, which improves the component quality of asymmetrical components. The actuator system consists of four electromagnets integrated into a forming machine and enables horizontally directed magnetic forces to be applied to the press slide. The actuators are used to compensate the horizontal process forces and thus ensure component quality on the machine side for asymmetrical components.
In the third phase, on the basis of the knowledge gained so far and with the aid of the actuators designed in the second phase, further existing challenges in sheet metal forming (BMU) are addressed. The BMU enables the production of complex components with small secondary form elements such as gears as functional elements. To form gears on the circumference of a cup deep-drawn in the first step, the frame is compressed in a second step and a gear geometry is filled in the die. In the tool gap between the upsetting punch and the die, an undesired front ridge appears, the height of which depends, among other things, on the size of the tool gap. The front ridge must usually be removed in a downstream process. In the case of asymmetrical components, the horizontal load causes the upsetting punch to displace sideways, thus enlarging the tool gap and increasing burr formation. In B7, a new approach is being explored to avoid the burr causally by reducing the displacement of the upsetting die by means of electromagnetic actuators. By means of a horizontal movement of the upsetting punch relative to the die which rotates during the upsetting process, a temporary reduction of the tool gap on the entire circumference of the component is achieved, which is associated with a reduction of the burr formation. In addition to asymmetrical components, the principle can also be applied to symmetrical components.